Anxiety · F40-F41
ICD-10-CM / DSM-5-TR · Anxiety Disorders
Assessments:GAD-7, LSAS-SR, PSWQ, SCARED
Depression · F32-F33, F34.1
ICD-10-CM / DSM-5-TR · Depressive Disorders
Assessments:PHQ-9, BDI-II, DASS-21, PHQ-8
58.1% · Major depression in people with Anxiety
Kessler et al. 1999, Am J Psychiatry · PMID 10588405
Past 12 months; US community, ages 15-54 (NCS, DSM-III-R)
63.0% · Mood disorder (any) in people with Anxiety
Ruscio et al. 2017, JAMA Psychiatry · PMID 28297020
Lifetime; community adults, 26 countries (WHO World Mental Health Surveys, n=147,261; DSM-5 GAD)
67% · Anxiety disorder (any) in people with Depression
Lamers et al. 2011, J Clin Psychiatry · PMID 21294994
Current; Dutch adult cohort, community + primary care + specialist care (NESDA, n=1,783); index = any depressive disorder
OR 2.99 · Cannabis use disorder more likely with Anxiety
Onaemo et al. 2021, J Affect Disord · PMID 33360749
Pooled; meta-analysis, 8 nationally representative adult surveys
OR 2.42 · Alcohol use disorder more likely with Depression
Lai et al. 2015, Drug Alcohol Depend · PMID 26072219
Pooled; meta-analysis, 22 population-based epidemiological surveys, 1990-2014
OR 3.80 · Illicit drug use disorder more likely with Depression
Lai et al. 2015, Drug Alcohol Depend · PMID 26072219
Pooled; meta-analysis, 22 population-based epidemiological surveys, 1990-2014
OR 3.22 · Cannabis use disorder more likely with Depression
Onaemo et al. 2021, J Affect Disord · PMID 33360749
Pooled; meta-analysis, 8 nationally representative adult surveys (index = major depressive episode)
56.8% chronic vs 24.5% pure depression · Severity and course higher with Anxiety + Depression
Penninx et al. 2011, J Affect Disord · PMID 21496929
56.8% chronic vs 24.5% pure depression; 41.9% pure anxiety; vs pure depression and vs pure anxiety; 1209 depressive and/or anxiety patients, primary and specialized care, Netherlands (NESDA), 2-year follow-up
84.7% · Insomnia symptoms in people with Depression
Sunderajan et al. 2010, CNS Spectr · PMID 20625372
Current; US adult outpatients with nonpsychotic MDD, primary + psychiatric care (STAR*D, n=3,743)
Direction only · Severity and course higher with Anxiety + Depression
Fava et al. 2008, Am J Psychiatry · PMID 18172020
remission significantly less likely (53.2% had anxious depression); vs nonanxious depression (anxious depression = HAM-D anxiety/somatization factor of 7 or more, not a separate anxiety disorder); 2,876 adult outpatients with MDD on citalopram, 41 US primary and psychiatric care sites (STAR*D Levels 1-2)
51.7% · Other anxiety disorder in people with Anxiety
Ruscio et al. 2017, JAMA Psychiatry · PMID 28297020
Lifetime; community adults, 26 countries (WHO World Mental Health Surveys, n=147,261; DSM-5 GAD)
66% · Chronic pain in people with Depression
Arnow et al. 2006, Psychosom Med · PMID 16554392
Current; US primary care patients, mailed PHQ survey (Kaiser Permanente, n=5,808)