[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"assessment-sogs":3,"all-assessments-nav":294,"related-assessments-query":941},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"category":275,"categoryTitle":276,"clinicalCitations":277,"copyright":275,"description":281,"disclaimer":275,"downloadLink":275,"extension":282,"faqs":275,"featured":283,"i18nReady":283,"icon":275,"interpreter":275,"lastReviewed":284,"meta":285,"navigation":286,"path":287,"permissionsNote":275,"published":286,"recommendedFrequency":275,"relatedCodes":275,"relatedConditions":275,"reviewedBy":275,"seo":288,"slug":289,"stem":290,"summary":291,"takeaways":275,"timeline":275,"type":292,"usedToDiagnose":275,"__hash__":293},"assessments\u002Fassessments\u002Fsogs.md","SOGS: South Oaks Gambling Screen",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":262},"minimark",[9,14,18,21,25,28,63,66,70,73,79,123,129,133,159,163,166,180,183,187,198,202,205,216,221],[10,11,13],"h3",{"id":12},"about-the-sogs","About the SOGS",[15,16,17],"p",{},"The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) was developed by Henry Lesieur and Sheila Blume at South Oaks Hospital in New York in 1987. 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Despite the subsequent revision of DSM criteria through DSM-IV and DSM-5-TR, the SOGS retains strong utility as a screening instrument, with numerous international validations demonstrating its cross-cultural applicability.",[10,22,24],{"id":23},"what-the-assessment-measures","What the Assessment Measures",[15,26,27],{},"The SOGS assesses the following dimensions of gambling behavior:",[29,30,31,39,45,51,57],"ul",{},[32,33,34,38],"li",{},[35,36,37],"strong",{},"Preoccupation with gambling"," and urge to return and win back losses (\"chasing\")",[32,40,41,44],{},[35,42,43],{},"Financial consequences",": borrowing money, selling possessions, or relying on others to cover gambling debts",[32,46,47,50],{},[35,48,49],{},"Social and family consequences",": conflict, secrecy, or criticism from others about gambling",[32,52,53,56],{},[35,54,55],{},"Loss of control",": failed attempts to stop or reduce gambling",[32,58,59,62],{},[35,60,61],{},"Criminal behavior",": e.g., writing bad checks, theft to fund gambling",[15,64,65],{},"Items reflect both historical and current gambling-related experiences.",[10,67,69],{"id":68},"scoring","Scoring",[15,71,72],{},"The SOGS includes 20 scored questions (plus additional demographic and gambling history items that are not scored).",[15,74,75,78],{},[35,76,77],{},"Total score range",": 0–20",[80,81,82,95],"table",{},[83,84,85],"thead",{},[86,87,88,92],"tr",{},[89,90,91],"th",{},"Score",[89,93,94],{},"Interpretation",[96,97,98,107,115],"tbody",{},[86,99,100,104],{},[101,102,103],"td",{},"0–1",[101,105,106],{},"No gambling problem",[86,108,109,112],{},[101,110,111],{},"2–4",[101,113,114],{},"Some gambling-related problems",[86,116,117,120],{},[101,118,119],{},"≥5",[101,121,122],{},"Probable pathological gambling",[15,124,125,126,128],{},"A cutoff of ",[35,127,119],{}," was validated against DSM-III diagnosis of pathological gambling, demonstrating sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 99.5% in the original clinical sample.",[10,130,132],{"id":131},"population-and-format","Population and Format",[29,134,135,141,147,153],{},[32,136,137,140],{},[35,138,139],{},"Ages",": Adolescent and adult versions available; original scale developed for adults",[32,142,143,146],{},[35,144,145],{},"Format",": Self-report questionnaire",[32,148,149,152],{},[35,150,151],{},"Administration time",": Approximately 10–15 minutes",[32,154,155,158],{},[35,156,157],{},"Setting",": Clinical intake, population surveys, treatment programs",[10,160,162],{"id":161},"psychometric-properties","Psychometric Properties",[15,164,165],{},"The SOGS has strong psychometric properties in clinical populations:",[29,167,168,171,174,177],{},[32,169,170],{},"High internal consistency (Cronbach's α ≈ 0.85–0.97)",[32,172,173],{},"Good test-retest reliability",[32,175,176],{},"Sensitivity 98%, specificity 99.5% (Lesieur & Blume, 1987; clinical sample)",[32,178,179],{},"Specificity decreases in general population samples; lower cutoffs (≥3) may improve performance in non-clinical settings",[15,181,182],{},"Cross-cultural validation studies confirm acceptable performance across diverse populations, including Australian (Battersby et al., 2002) and Chinese adolescent samples (Zhou et al., 2022).",[10,184,186],{"id":185},"limitations","Limitations",[29,188,189,192,195],{},[32,190,191],{},"The SOGS was developed based on DSM-III criteria; it does not fully align with current DSM-5-TR criteria for Gambling Disorder (which removed the criminal behavior item and revised threshold)",[32,193,194],{},"In general population samples with lower base rates of pathological gambling, the SOGS may generate more false positives; clinicians should interpret scores in context",[32,196,197],{},"A revised version (SOGS-R) is available with updated language and scoring",[10,199,201],{"id":200},"who-the-sogs-is-for","Who the SOGS Is For",[15,203,204],{},"The SOGS is appropriate when:",[29,206,207,210,213],{},[32,208,209],{},"A client presents with financial difficulties, relationship problems, or co-occurring substance use where gambling involvement is suspected",[32,211,212],{},"Screening for gambling disorder as part of an addiction or behavioural health intake",[32,214,215],{},"Monitoring treatment progress in clients receiving gambling disorder treatment",[217,218,220],"h2",{"id":219},"references","References",[29,222,223,238,250],{},[32,224,225,226,230,231],{},"Lesieur HR, Blume SB. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): a new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. ",[227,228,229],"em",{},"American Journal of Psychiatry",", 144(9), 1184–1188. PMID: ",[232,233,237],"a",{"href":234,"rel":235},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F3631315\u002F",[236],"nofollow","3631315",[32,239,240,241,244,245],{},"Battersby MW, Thomas LJ, Tolchard B, Esterman A. (2002). The South Oaks Gambling Screen: a review with reference to Australian use. ",[227,242,243],{},"Journal of Gambling Studies",", 18(3), 257–271. PMID: ",[232,246,249],{"href":247,"rel":248},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F12375383\u002F",[236],"12375383",[32,251,252,253,256,257],{},"Zhou H, Chen JH, Ling H, et al. (2022). Psychometric Properties of the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents in Chinese Adolescent Gamblers. ",[227,254,255],{},"International Journal of Public Health",", 67, 1604820. 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